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However, sometimes, the epiglottis does not fully close the windpipe, which can cause a person to inhale saliva, water, or food. While food is retained in the cheek folds of the mouth, it is saliva-coated. Drink plenty of fluids - around eight glasses of 8 ounces of water per day. This is because talking requires air, so the epiglottis cannot fully close the windpipe when a person talks. Sometimes, however, a person can accidentally inhale saliva. We include products we think are useful for our readers. Theres no cure, but drinking water can help wash excess saliva from the mouth. I have difficulty swallowing saliva & smaller food particles. All rights reserved. Cause #2: Benign oesophageal stricture Scarring or tumors in the. Rings of muscle contract and relax to allow food and liquids to pass through the upper and lower portions. But if it happens frequently, identifying the cause could prevent future occurrences. I have difficulty swallowing saliva only.upon food and drink i feel better.i have this problem after taking gabapentin and dosulpin.can ig b cancer? We offer this Site AS IS and without any warranties. Some people benefit from physical therapy, while others may need to take medication. All rights reserved. Swallowing problems can cause symptoms such as: Chest pain Feeling of food stuck in the throat Heaviness or pressure in the neck or upper chest while eating Causes Swallowing problems may be due to infections, such as: Cytomegalovirus Gum disease (gingivitis) Herpes simplex virus Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Pharyngitis (sore throat) Thrush MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Speak with your doctor if too much saliva production is causing you to choke. niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content, hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/diagnostic_tests_for_neurological_disorders_85,P00811, mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sudden-infant-death-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20352800, mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-acid-reflux/symptoms-causes/syc-20351408, nct.org.uk/pregnancy/saliva-and-ptyalism-pregnancy, journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(15)38146-0/pdf. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. The Content on this Site is presented in a summary fashion, and is intended to be used for educational and entertainment purposes only. To learn more, please visit our. Oral dysphagia - difficulty with the first stage of swallowing, moving food to the back of the mouth. We avoid using tertiary references. Several overlapping factors can cause a person to choke on saliva. Airway mucus function and dysfunction. Accessed Sept. 21, 2021. 2020; doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04495-2. This can cause swallowing issues and choking. Feeling like something's stuck in your throat or chest. Other signs of dysphagia include: coughing or choking when eating or drinking bringing food back up, sometimes through the nose Cancers likely to cause swallowing problems The types of cancer most likely to cause swallowing problems are cancers of the: voice box (larynx) thyroid gland mouth and tongue (oral cancer) throat (pharynx) Difficulty swallowing is known as dysphagia, and it can have many causes. Your medical team can use this information to diagnose muscle weakness and dysfunction. Having tight throat and trouble swallowing my own saliva/mucus and foods like rice and bread. Healthy people can usually cough saliva up if they choke on it. The feeling of a 'knot in your throat' with difficulty swallowing saliva is quite worrying, even if it only occurs in episodes. Learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatment of acid reflux and GERD. 2. Accessed Sept. 21, 2001. American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. Dysphagia is defined as difficulty swallowing food or liquid. A person can choke or have trouble breathing if they are unable to cough up this mucus. Even so, dont ignore continuous choking. Because the consistencies of these foods vary so much, the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) has created standardized worldwide terminology and definitions for texture-modified liquids and thickened foods. Accessed Sept. 21, 2021. It's not just food that can be the culprit. Doctors typically provide answers within 24 hours. What Is an Esophageal Spasm and How Is It Treated? A doctor said my mouth is kind of narrow and I should lose some weight. sticks in throat and quickly makes it hard to breath. This article is intended to promote understanding of and knowledge about general oral health topics. The body produces about 1 to 2 liters of saliva each day, which most people swallow without noticing. Medically Reviewed By Colgate Global Scientific Communications. More specialized tests may be needed to find the exact cause. Heres what it might mean and how to stop drooling. But sometimes saliva doesnt flow easily down the throat and can cause choking. Other causes of dry mouth include: A dry mouth can be as simple as the salivary glands not producing enough saliva to keep the mouth moist. There is a diminished gag reflex and there may be snotty discharge from the nose. To prevent pills getting stuck in the esophagus or refluxing back up when you lay down (Stoschus & Allescher, 1993; Akhtar, 2003): Take your evening medications well before laying down in bed (at least 1 hour before bed, especially if you have a large volume of pills and liquid to swallow). Obstructive sleep apnea is when breathing pauses while asleep due to an airway thats too narrow or blocked. Treatment can include over-the-counter or prescription antacids to reduce stomach acid. Dysphagia may occur occasionally or on a more regular. The Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services summarizes which foods to eat and which to avoid if you have swallowing difficulty. This can lead to pneumonia. Neurological disorders, such as Lou Gehrigs disease and Parkinsons disease, can damage the nerves in the back of the throat. Do this as often as every 3 hours to provide a bit of sore throat relief. Xerostomia caused by medication and other health conditions might need more help to stimulate saliva production, such as: Don't make the mistake of dismissing your nightly dry mouth as no big deal. Complications may include aspiration pneumonia (when food or liquids are pulled into your lungs), malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss and airway blockage. Can COVID-19 Cause Diarrhea and Your Stomach to Make Loud Gurgling Noises? Some muscle conditions can also damage the esophagus, making it harder to push saliva and anything else a person swallows down into the stomach. The recommended treatment was to chew gum to stimulate the parotid glands which certainly helped. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Dysphagia. These can be fresh foods made into soft or pureed textures and cut into small bites, or special foods like thickened liquids or texture-modified foods. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is not a disease but a symptom of a disease. Murphy L. (2018). (2005). Choking on saliva can be scary, and for people with certain health issues, it can be dangerous. YYYY Colgate-Palmolive Company. 1. Symptoms: Difficulty swallowing, pain while swallowing, coughing, choking, drooling or vomiting, chest and abdominal pain. Other conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia, may also raise the risk of choking on saliva. This problem may gradually improve. over a year ago, BrendaM111700 https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Muscular dystrophy, for example, causes progressive weakening of the muscles of the body. MedHelp is not a medical or healthcare provider and your use of this Site does not create a doctor / patient relationship. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Mayo Clinic. Aspiration pneumonia. As stomach contents flow into the mouth, saliva production may increase to wash away the acid. Learn more about functional bowel disorders, like irritable bowel, Gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea aren't uncommon in people with COVID-19. Healthy people are usually able to cough the saliva back up. See the separate leaflet called Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia) for the many conditions which can be possible causes. Accessed Sept. 21, 2021. The doctor will insert a tube into your esophagus to measure the pressure in your muscles when they contract. Read about symptoms, treatment, and prevention of this infection. Ferri FF. Learn more about how herpes esophagitis is diagnosed and treated. People with dysphagia need to eat foods that have been carefully prepared so as not to present choking hazards. The doctor or technician will look at the X-ray image as you swallow the liquid or pill to see how the esophagus functions. Heart failure: Could a low sodium diet sometimes do more harm than good? She learned how to cook this way firsthand when her partner of 17 years was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which makes swallowing progressively difficult. Merck Manual Professional Version https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gastrointestinal-disorders/esophageal-and-swallowing-disorders/dysphagia#. Trouble swallowing saliva and makes my heart race, Throat pain while swallowing saliva and not food or water. Your doctor will do a physical examination and look in your mouth to check for abnormalities or swelling. When Should You Or Your Loved One Visit A Psychiatrist? If you have an infection like strep in your throat, then it would be painful for you to swallow. Benign or cancerous lesions or tumors in the throat can narrow the esophagus and make it difficult to swallow saliva, triggering choking. These conditions may increase the risk of choking. ), along with an increased chance of cavities, difficulty swallowing, and even infection. Pain or pressure can occur when food gets stuck in the throat or chest. I can see and feel my epiglottis, no pain, slight difficulty swallowing but then again my mouth has been dry. Hoping to be helpful!! Although anyone can choke on saliva because of the proximity of the windpipe to the esophagus, some medical conditions make choking more likely. You're Nauseated. history of radiation or chemotherapy in the neck or throat for cancer, feeling like something is lodged in your throat, have food or liquid leaking from their mouths, oropharyngeal swallowing exercises to strengthen muscles, posture changes that you should follow while eating, spasms in the lower esophagus, such as diffuse spasms or the inability of the esophageal sphincter to relax, tightness in the lower esophagus due to an intermittent narrowing of the esophageal ring, narrowing of the esophagus from growths or, foreign bodies lodged in the esophagus or throat, a swelling or narrowing of the esophagus from, scar tissue in the esophagus due to chronic inflammation or post-radiation treatment. Difficulty swallowing Some cancers and their treatments can cause a sore mouth and throat. Dysphagia in neurological diseases: A literature review. Last medically reviewed on March 10, 2022. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with A videofluoroscopic swallowing evaluation is a radiologic exam that uses a type of X-ray called fluoroscopy. Anxiety doesn't necessary affect swallowing directly, but it does affect the motor process that is required to swallow. A respiratory infection may require antibiotics. Swallowing is a complicated task that needs your brain to coordinate many different muscles. Dysphagia can be painful. The causes of swallowing problems vary, and treatment depends on the cause. In addition to difficulty swallowing, dysphagia symptoms often include: Pain, coughing or gagging while you swallow. Some swallowing difficulties cant be prevented, and dysphagia treatment is necessary. Changes in the tongue, upper throat (pharynx), vocal cords and voice box (larynx), and lower throat (esophagus) occur with aging. Speak with your childs doctor if this happens often. It's important to speak with a healthcare professional if you have new rectal bleeding. Swallowing difficulty is the inability to swallow foods or liquids with ease. If it's affecting your comfort and quality of life, it's worth discussing with your health care providers. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Your dentures may be too tall for your mouth or not fitted to your bite. Never disregard the medical advice of your physician or health professional, or delay in seeking such advice, because of something you read on this Site. Difficulties with swallowing are called dysphagia (pronounced 'dis . Dr. Donald Cohen answered Surgery - Oral & Maxillofacial 44 years experience Esophageal Stricture: You may have a narrowing of your esophagus if you are having trouble swallowing anything. During this examination, youll swallow a variety of consistencies, ranging from purees to solids and thin and thickened liquid. I have trouble swallowing saliva. Your salivary gland secretion rate may be low when not stimulated. An older study theorizes there may be a link between abnormal swallowing and obstructive sleep apnea. Get prescriptions or refills through a video chat, if the doctor feels the prescriptions are medically appropriate. Dysphagia. "This makes it hard to swallow and gives a feeling of a lump in the throat. Difficulty swallowing or clearing saliva from the mouth can be caused by or associated with some underlying conditions, including Down syndrome, autism, ALS, stroke, and Parkinson's disease. Possible causes may include swollen tonsils blocking the flow of saliva or infant reflux. This can be "silent" where it may be saliva swallowed and which enters the lungs, creating a fluid buildup, which can later lead to infection. Thyroid Nodule Symptom # 1: A lump in the neck that you can feel. Some people have difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). See the Dr. for an evaluation as if it is found to Could be a lot of things information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of There are many reasons why you might feel pain when swallowing. We avoid using tertiary references. Some people with dysphagia cannot take foods orally and must use a feeding tube. http://www.entnet.org/content/swallowing-trouble. Uvula touches tongue trouble swallowing lots of saliva breathing uncomfortable what could this be from ? Even the longer acting antihistamine works not more than 24 hours. Swallowing is a complex motor skill that requires the coordination of a multitude of nerves and muscles. Other symptoms of a neurological problem may include: Doctors use a variety of tests to check for neurological disorders. privacy practices. While the list below can be considered as a guide to educate yourself about . This results in the stomach acid starting to leak up into the . These muscles make it possible to swallow while lying down or even upside-down. Gagging and coughing when you havent been drinking or eating is a symptom of choking on saliva. However, if you have signs or symptoms of dysphagia, see your health care provider. How Anxiety Causes Trouble Swallowing. I do have problems with anxiety and stress, could this be related to stress, or do i need to fear of something major. Conditions that weaken the muscles may increase the risk of choking on saliva by making it harder for a person to cough. Avoid sucking on candy, which can increase saliva production. help? Oral Health, Dental Conditions & Treatments, Side effects of different medical conditions and radiation and chemotherapy treatments, Lifestyle habits (chronic users of tobacco, for example). It occurs when something you've swallowed enters the airway and lungs. Sleeping with your head elevated can improve saliva flow and prevent choking. Functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI), Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services, dphhs.mt.gov/assets/dsd/DDP/MedicalDirector/DysphagiaandDiets.pdf, iddsi.org/News/Special-Features/Full-Nutrition-Care-Management-(NCM)%C2%AE-Transition-t, napacenter.org/swallow-strengthening-exercises/, Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia) Due to Acid Reflux, What to Do If You Get Food Stuck in Your Throat, Pill Stuck in Your Throat? Fass R. Approach to the evaluation of dysphagia in adults. Helpful tips include: If your baby chokes on saliva while sleeping on their back, talk with their doctor to see if its safe for them to sleep on their stomach. Alternative Names Dysphagia; Impaired swallowing; Choking - food; Globus sensation Causes The process of swallowing involves several steps. Heres what you need to know about choking on saliva, including causes and prevention. information submitted for this request. I also have a little problem breathing. However, if it happens, Esophageal spasms are painful, abnormal muscle contractions that occur within the esophagus. An endoscopy may be used to check all areas of your esophagus. You may want to post this question in the ears, nose and throat forum - you will find much more advice there! Mayo Clinic Staff. This may occur with a tumor of an organ lying close to the esophagus, aortic aneurysm, enlarged thyroid gland or bony . When this happens, they call the condition idiopathic dysphagia. During this examination, you will swallow liquid or a pill containing a dye that shows up on an abdominal X-ray. (2015). This tool allows a doctor to test different food textures, fluid consistencies, and more. Dysphagia can occur at any age, but it's more common in older adults. Treatment can be challenging and may change as the condition evolves. Case Reports, (2) the doctors acknowledged that when someone has swallowing difficulties this could be "salivary secretory disorders, poor oral motor coordination, neuromuscular weakness, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and structural changes, can result in swallowing disorders." Feeling hoarse. People who have a hard time swallowing may choke on their food or liquid when trying to swallow. 2019; doi:10.12688/f1000research.18900.1. Here are some steps to take: 1. A speech-language pathologist will perform a swallowing evaluation to diagnose your dysphagia. If it is limited to your saliva and not food and drink ther. This would help you understand if the . Find out how to recognize, treat, and prevent heartburn. I will watch for your post and hopefully be able to give you some information. Hypersalivation sometimes accompanies nausea, and some pregnant women swallow less when nauseous. Some lung health issues also cause the body to produce more saliva and mucus, while making it more difficult for a person to cough or swallow. Sometimes, doctors can prescribe medication to help you swallow. Be calm and the clicking probably fade away. This makes it difficult for them to clear the airway by swallowing saliva and other substances that the airway secretes. If your stools are pale or, Diverticulitis supportive therapy includes things you can do at home, such as using a heating pad or OTC pain relievers or following a liquid or low, Diverticular bleeding can be a serious condition. See your doctor if you have a fever, or if your symptoms worsen. Learn more about the types of esophagitis and their treatments. Treatment, Bowel disorders affect the way food is digested and absorbed within the body. Educational text answers on HealthTap are not intended for individual diagnosis, treatment or prescription. Dysphagia is when you have difficulty swallowing. The esophagus is a muscular tube in your throat that carries food and water to your stomach. Treatment for dehydration is to replace lost fluids and electrolytes. Should I go to ER for difficulty swallowing? Since the nodule is a growth or lump of extra thyroid tissue that is growing inside of the . Firstly it is important to have an endoscopy and/or bronchoscope to identify if there is any 'lump' or partial obstruction in the throat which needs immediate attention. Depending on the location of the blockage and the persons symptoms, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. It is FREE! Connect with a U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere. Difficulty swallowing can be related to conditions that cause throat pain or to motility problems with the esophagus, The sudden onset of difficulty swallowing can be a sign of stroke; if this occurs, seek immediate medical attention.Contact your healthcare provider at any time you are concerned about your symptoms. Fahy, J. V., & Dickey, B. F. (2010). The thick saliva and mucus in your mouth may make it more difficult for you to swallow. Hello I am Babs, and new to the site. Difficulty swallowing is when you having problems taking food, drink, medication or saliva from your mouth, down your throat and into your stomach. Dr. Arnold Malerman answered Orthodontics 55 years experience Evaluation: "makes it hard to breath " should be immediately evaluated by your PCP. This procedure assesses how well a person is able to swallow. Dysphagia is the medical term for swallowing difficulties. Many people have experienced the sensation of water going down the wrong pipe. "Patients may describe shortness of breath, choking sensation or trouble swallowing. Pro Tip and the parotids having a narrowed exit which caused the saliva to thicken. Your symptoms are characteristic of anxiety, sometimes with a panic disorder, but they are not specific and could be caused by a physical problem. If you wear dentures, your brain might mistake your dentures for food and increase saliva production. If you feel like you're producing more saliva than usual, you may be experiencing hypersalivation. Chest pain - A sharp or dull pain in the chest, which can be made worse by lying down or bending over. Some strategies that may prevent choking in vulnerable people include: If a person chokes on saliva, encourage them to cough. Diarrhea can also potentially cause stomach growling. Saliva is key to washing debris from your teeth and remineralizing tooth enamel. Swallow impairment and drooling are two common symptoms of oral dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Seek medical help asap. Infant reflux. In many cases, they are exaggerated concerns of everyday problems that affect more than usual. The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects your mouth and your stomach. What If Your Baby Cries In Their Stroller? Please, if anyone could give me some advice for this, i would appreciate it, I feel like i'm hitting a puzzle that i can't figure out to solve. sometimes pressure develops in my ears & burning sensation in the areas below ribs. Esophageal dysphagia refers to the sensation of food sticking or getting caught in the base of your throat or in your chest after you've started to swallow. If your stools are pale or, Diverticulitis supportive therapy includes things you can do at home, such as using a heating pad or OTC pain relievers or following a liquid or low, Diverticular bleeding can be a serious condition. Sometimes, difficulty swallowing is caused by something simple, like eating too fast or poor chewing. Caregivers should discuss breathing concerns with a doctor and immediately see a pediatrician when any signs of respiratory distress arise. Educational text answers on HealthTap are not intended for individual diagnosis, treatment or prescription. Add a teaspoon of salt to 8 ounces of water and gargle with it for a few seconds. Saliva plays a significant role in oral health. All rights reserved. Raise the head of your bed by a few inches to keep stomach acid in your stomach. It happens to everyone at some point. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in less than one minute for common issues such as: colds and coughs, stomach symptoms, bladder infections, rashes, and more. "Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. To prevent choking, speak slowly and swallow in between phrases or sentences. It's normal for the uvula to touch the tongue, but if you are having trouble swallowing, you need an examination. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. These include imaging tests, such as a CT scan and MRI, as well as nerve tests, such as an electromyography. When difficulty swallowing becomes more severe, it can cause drooling because of inability to swallow saliva. Take over-the-counter medication at the first sign of a cold, allergies, or sinus problems. There are 2 main types of dysphagia, caused by problems with the: mouth or throat - known as oropharyngeal dysphagia oesophagus (the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach) - known as oesophageal dysphagia It may be temporary and go away on its own. Most doctor visits are due to people needing reassurance. Gallagher, R. (2011). (n.d.). This can lead to difficulty swallowing and choking on saliva. what specialists remove tori? Choking on saliva may not indicate a serious problem. When I sit up I usually belch repeatedly. Pale Stools: Possible Causes and When to Seek Help, What Supportive Therapy Is and How It Helps If You Have Diverticulitis, What You Need to Know About Diverticular Bleeding, What You Should Know About Functional Bowel Disorders. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Now, You Can! I don't smoke never have, but heart conditions run in my family. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. The causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia are conditions that primarily affect the nervous system, such as: It may also be caused by an obstruction in the upper throat, pharynx, or pharyngeal pouches that collect food. OT15: Dysphagia Book-based info // from discussion Dysphagia-- difficulty with any stage of swallowing Eating is the most basic activity of daily living, necessary for survival from birth until death. Lung health problems can cause dysphagia, making swallowing more difficult. "Nausea is controlled in the PNS sometimes with nausea, your brain thinks you've been poisoned and is trying to get rid of it by telling the stomach to empty," Dr. Huh says. This can make swallowing difficult and allow saliva to pool in the back of your mouth, causing choking. In some cases, a person may need to take proactive measures to help clear saliva and other secretions in the throat. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. If we combine this information with your protected We all produce about one litre of saliva each day, . Anxiety occurs when stress levels are too high. best of luck. Some babies also produce more saliva when teething. For example, very swollen tonsils (bad tonsillitis or quinsy ), an abscess at the back of the throat or very swollen lymph nodes. Some health conditions that are exacerbated by anxiety can also make it harder to swallow. https://gi.org/topics/dysphagia/. I have difficulty swallowing saliva only.upon food and drink i feel better.i have this problem after taking gabapentin and dosulpin.can ig b cancer? Glad You may have an infection and this is affecting your swallowing, and causing your other symptoms. First food has to be chewed thoroughly and mixed with saliva to form a small soft ball (bolus) with the help of the tongue and palate. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on What you can do: Improving your eating behavior General tips Eat small and frequent meals. Now sometimes the effects that it has produced may continue longer than that but no An inflammation in your throat could be causing difficulty swallowing , induced by an infection that could be viral or bacterial. People with dysphagia have difficulty swallowing and may even experience pain while swallowing (odynophagia). It may be temporary or a lifelong condition. Some medical conditions cause a person to choke on their saliva. Dysphagia. You don't say why you've been prescribed those medications, but they are serious and your doctors may help you understand your conditions better. U do have reason to worry since there is family history of heart disease. Excessive saliva production and drooling. There are a number of causes of dehydration including heat exposure, prolonged vigorous exercise, and some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. American College of Gastroenterology. All of these complications are serious and life threatening and must be treated definitively. hyperthyroidism? Dysphagia may occur occasionally or on a more regular, Getting food stuck in the throat can be worrisome. The good news is that many cases of dysphagia are temporary, and a wide variety of treatments are available. This can make chewing and swallowing difficult. A sleep study test can help your doctor diagnose obstructive sleep apnea and abnormal swallowing. Glad you are here on the forum. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, may increase the risk of choking on saliva, may also cause a person to choke on saliva, https://www.cff.org/Life-With-CF/Treatments-and-Therapies/Airway-Clearance/, https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/dysphagia, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048736/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4818233/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3237514/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24892808, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448077/, https://www.asha.org/public/speech/swallowing/swallowing-disorders-in-adults/, https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/chapter/23-3-the-mouth-pharynx-and-esophagus/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3312700/, Cardiovascular health: Insomnia linked to greater risk of heart attack.